Flow Cell Energy

Flow cell technology with bi-ION electrolyte for scalable, battery-free energy systems

System Overview

The nanoFlowcell system utilizes bi-ION® as a liquid energy carrier, converting it into electricity through an irreversible electrochemical process.
At the core, the nanoFlowcell® acts as a compact energy converter, where controlled reactions continuously generate electrical power.

> 600 Wh/L
High-density liquid energy
0%
No electrochemical storage
system

System Architecture

The nanoFlowcell system separates energy storage, transport and conversion, combining liquid energy carriers with a modular flow-based architecture.

energy converter

nanoFlowcell

Converts chemical energy into electrical power

energy carrier

bi-ION®

Liquid electrolyte enabling high-density energy delivery

flow & storage system

Electrolyte Circulation

Manages electrolyte flow and availability for continuous energy conversion

Flow Cell Principle

The nanoFlowcell system converts chemical energy into electrical power through controlled ion exchange between two liquid electrolytes. The system operates as an irreversible electrochemical process.

nanoFlowcell® + bi-ION® Functional graphic

Electrolyte Separation

Two electrolytes with different charge states are stored separately and circulated through the system.

Ion Exchange Across Membrane

Ions are exchanged through a membrane, generating an electrical potential without direct mixing of the electrolytes.

Electrical Energy Generation

The controlled ion flow produces electric current, while the electrolyte is gradually consumed in an irreversible process.

Functional System Animation

Visualization of electrolyte flow, membrane interaction and energy conversion.

process

Water Purification and bi-ION Production

The production of bi-ION® follows a structured process that transforms raw water into a functional electrolyte. Each stage defines specific requirements for purity, composition and system compatibility.

Water Sources

Seawater, wastewater and other input streams form the raw material for electrolyte production.

Purification and Demineralization

Water is filtered and demineralized to remove contaminants and create a defined base medium.

Electrolyte Formulation

Purified water is combined with salts and enriched with the proprietary bi-ION® molecule.

Functional Conditioning

The electrolyte is conditioned for transport, circulation and stable system operation.

bi-ION: Liquid Energy Carrier

bi-ION is a nanostructured liquid energy carrier designed for high-density, scalable energy conversion in nanoFlowcell systems.

What is bi-ION?

Material Composition

A nanostructured liquid electrolyte composed of organic and inorganic charge carriers. The formulation enables stable ion transport and controlled electrochemical interaction within the nanoFlowcell system.

Non-flammable

What performance does it enable?

Energy Density & Separation

High-density electrolyte enabling extended range and compact system design. The separation of energy storage and conversion allows scalable architectures independent of battery constraints.

~600 Wh/L

How is it produced and scaled?

Production & Scalability

Synthesised from widely available raw materials using scalable industrial processes. The production approach supports decentralised manufacturing and adaptable supply chains.

Globally producible

How does it behave in operation?

Irreversible Energy Behaviour

Energy is released through electrolyte consumption rather than electrical recharging. This irreversible process enables continuous operation through fluid replacement instead of cyclic storage.

No recharge cycles
Material
Performance

Electrolyte Properties

bi-ION is chemically stable during storage. Energy remains preserved over time and is released through controlled, irreversible electrochemical processes during operation.

0%
Self-discharge
100%
Recyclability
energy density
> 600 Wh/L
Combustion Behaviour
Non-flammable
toxicological profile
Bio-compatible
operating temperature range
-52°C to +82°C
Energy Supply Model

Refilling Replaces Recharging

The nanoFlowcell system introduces a fundamental shift in energy supply: instead of electrical recharging, energy is replenished by refilling the electrolyte.

Refilling nanoFlowcell-powered electric vehicles with bi-ION®

The end of charging cycles

Energy is not restored through electrical charging. The electrolyte is consumed during operation and replaced when depleted.

Continuous energy availability

Refilling eliminates charging time constraints and enables predictable, uninterrupted operation.

Infrastructure-independent operation

Energy supply is decoupled from electrical charging infrastructure and defined by electrolyte logistics.

System Refilling Process

Rapid electrolyte replacement instead of electrochemical charging.

Charging vs. Refilling

Two fundamentally different approaches to energy supply: battery-based systems rely on internal storage and cyclic charging, while nanoFlowcell enables continuous operation through externally supplied liquid energy.

Charging Systems

Internal energy storage with capacity-limited operation.

  • Energy stored internally
  • Limited by battery capacity
  • Cyclic charging required
  • Infrastructure-dependent

Refilling Systems

External energy supply enabling continuous operation.

  • Energy supplied externally
  • Continuous operation possible
  • No electrochemical cycling
  • Fluid logistics instead of charging infrastructure

Application Context

Mobile & Embedded Systems

Electric energy architectures for mobile and embedded applications, based on liquid energy supply and onboard conversion.
Explore Research Applications
nanoFlowcell - grid system

Stationary Energy System

Scalable energy solutions for decentralised and grid-related applications with continuous operation.
Explore Stationary Systems

Intelligent & Robotic Systems

Energy architectures for autonomous systems under development within nanoFlowcell research programs.
View Research Context

The future of energy is fluid

nanoFlowcell and bi-ION decouple energy storage, transport and conversion, enabling continuous electric operation through fluid-based energy systems.